The Budtender’s Guide

Supplemental Materials

Part 5: Products, Methods of Ingestion & Dosing

Cannabis Products

  1. Chemat, Farid, Maryline Abert Vian, Harish Karthikeyan Ravi, Boutheina Khadhraoui, Soukaina Hilali, Sandrine Perino, and Anne-Sylvie Fabiano Tixier. “Review of Alternative Solvents for Green Extraction of Food and Natural Products: Panorama, Principles, Applications and Prospects.” Molecules (Basel, Switzerland). U.S. National Library of Medicine, August 19, 2019. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6721174/.  
  2. https://newfrontierdata.com/cannabis-consumers-in-america-2022/

Methods of Ingestion

  1. Joshi, Manish, Anita Joshi, and Thaddeus Bartter. “Marijuana and Lung Diseases.” Current opinion in pulmonary medicine. U.S. National Library of Medicine, March 2014. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24384575/.  
  2. Armentano, Paul. “All Smoke Is Not Created Equal.” NORML, June 24, 2022. https://norml.org/blog/2016/01/07/all-smoke-is-not-created-equal/.  
  3. Abrams, DI, HP Vizoso, SB Shade, C Jay, ME Kelly, and NL Benowitz. “Vaporization as a Smokeless Cannabis Delivery System: A Pilot Study.” Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics. U.S. National Library of Medicine, April 11, 2007. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17429350/.  
  4. Spindle, Tory R, Edward J Cone, Nicolas J Schlienz, John M Mitchell, George E Bigelow, Ronald Flegel, Eugene Hayes, and Ryan Vandrey. “Acute Pharmacokinetic Profile of Smoked and Vaporized Cannabis in Human Blood and Oral Fluid.” Journal of analytical toxicology. U.S. National Library of Medicine, May 1, 2019. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30615181/.  
  5. Colbert, Mitchell. “Cannabis Cartridges Have a Heavy Metal Problem & It Is Worse than Reported.” Cannabis Now, February 19, 2021. https://cannabisnow.com/cannabis-cartridges-have-a-heavy-metal-problem-it-is-worse-than-reported/.  
  6. Gieringer, Dale H. “Cannabis ‘Vaporization’: A Promising Strategy for Smoke Harm Reducation.” Cannabis-Med.org. Haworth Press, 2001. https://www.cannabis-med.org/data/pdf/2001-03-04-7.pdf.  
  7. Vaping Cannabis Produces Stronger Effects than Smoking Cannabis for Infrequent Users.” ScienceDaily. Johns Hopkins Medicine, December 4, 2018. https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/12/181204131115.htm.  
  8. Azorlosa, JL, MK Greenwald, and ML Stitzer. “Marijuana Smoking: Effects of Varying Puff Volume and Breathhold Duration.” The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics. U.S. National Library of Medicine, February 1995. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7853169/.  
  9. Zacny, JP, and LD Chait. “Breathhold Duration and Response to Marijuana Smoke.” Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior. U.S. National Library of Medicine, June 1989. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2554344/.  
  10. Azorlosa, JL, SJ Heishman, ML Stitzer, and JM Mahaffey. “Marijuana Smoking: Effect of Varying Delta 9-Tetrahydrocannabinol Content and Number of Puffs.” The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics. U.S. National Library of Medicine, April 1992. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1313866/.  
  11. “Huestis, Marilyn A. “Human Cannabinoid Pharmacokinetics.” Chemistry & biodiversity. U.S. National Library of Medicine, August 2007. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2689518/.  
  12. Benson, Heather A E, Jeffrey E Grice, Yousuf Mohammed, Sarika Namjoshi, and Michael S Roberts. “Topical and Transdermal Drug Delivery: From Simple Potions to Smart Technologies.” Current drug delivery. U.S. National Library of Medicine, June 2019. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6637104/.   
  13. Colbert, Mitchell. “Using Cannabis for Sexual Health.” Cannabis Now, May 2, 2018. https://cannabisnow.com/using-cannabis-for-sexual-health/.  
  14. Lawson, Kimberly. “Marijuana Use before Sex Leads to More Satisfying Orgasms, Study Finds.” Marijuana Moment, March 7, 2019. https://www.marijuanamoment.net/marijuana-use-before-sex-leads-to-more-satisfying-orgasms-study-finds/.  
  15. Parenthood, Planned. “Why Can’t You Use Baby Oil with a Condom?” Planned Parenthood. Accessed January 25, 2023. https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/ask-experts/why-cant-you-use-baby-oil-with-a-condom.  
  16. Ludlow, Fitz Hugh. “The Hasheesh Eater (1857).” The Public Domain Review. Harper & Bros New York, 1857. https://publicdomainreview.org/collection/the-hasheesh-eater-1857.  
  17. Geisterfer, Eric. “The Bioavailability of Cannabis.” Medium, December 15, 2022. https://ericgeisterfer.medium.com/the-bioavailability-of-medical-marijuana-6d05b712baa0.  
  18. “Department of Justice/Drug Enforcement Administration Fact Sheet.” GetSmartAboutDrugs.com. United States Drug Enforcement Administration, April 2020. https://www.dea.gov/sites/default/files/2020-06/Marijuana-Cannabis-2020_0.pdf.   

Dosing Guidelines

  1. “25 Years Ago: DEA’s Own Administrative Law Judge Ruled Cannabis Should Be Reclassified under Federal Law.” NORML.org. National Organization for the Reform of Marijuana Laws, September 5, 2013. https://norml.org/news/2013/09/05/25-years-ago-dea-s-own-administrative-law-judge-ruled-cannabis-should-be-reclassified-under-federal-law/. 
  2. Canada, Health. “Government of Canada.” For health care professionals: Cannabis and cannabinoids – Canada.ca. / Gouvernement du Canada, October 12, 2018. https://www.canada.ca/en/health-canada/services/drugs-medication/cannabis/information-medical-practitioners/information-health-care-professionals-cannabis-cannabinoids.html#a3.0.  
  3. Aggarwal, Sunil K, Muraco Kyashna-Tocha, and Gregory T Carter. “Dosing Medical Marijuana: Rational Guidelines on Trial in Washington State.” MedGenMed : Medscape general medicine. U.S. National Library of Medicine, September 11, 2007. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2100129/.  
  4. Roubein, Rachel. “The Budtender Will See You Now.” POLITICO, December 7, 2019. https://www.politico.com/news/2019/12/07/the-budtender-will-see-you-now-077314.  
  5. Moeller, Karen E, and Barbara Woods. “Pharmacy Students’ Knowledge and Attitudes Regarding Medical Marijuana.” American journal of pharmaceutical education. U.S. National Library of Medicine, August 25, 2015. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4584377/.  
  6. Benavides, Abraham, Nicholas Gregorio, Puneet Guptaa, and Mikhail Kogan. “Medical Students Are Unprepared to Counsel Patients about Medical Cannabis and Want to Learn More.” Complementary Therapies in Medicine. Churchill Livingstone, November 13, 2019. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0965229919312956?via%3Dihub.  
  7. Balneaves, Lynda G., Abeer Alraja, Daniel Ziemianski, Fairleth McCuaig, and Mark Ware. “A National Needs Assessment of Canadian Nurse Practitioners Regarding Cannabis for Therapeutic Purposes.” Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. Publishers, March 1, 2018. https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/10.1089/can.2018.0002.  
  8. St Pierre, Michelle, Liam Matthews, and Zach Walsh. “Cannabis Education Needs Assessment among Canadian Physicians-in-Training.” Complementary therapies in medicine. U.S. National Library of Medicine, January 31, 2020. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32147035/.  
  9. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/
  10. https://www.cannabis-med.org/
  11. https://www.cmcr.ucsd.edu/
  12. “Dronabinol Dosage Guide + Max Dose, Adjustments.” Drugs.com. Accessed January 25, 2023. https://www.drugs.com/dosage/dronabinol.html.  
  13. “Epidiolex Oral Solution Dosage Guide.” Drugs.com. Accessed January 25, 2023. https://www.drugs.com/dosage/epidiolex-oral-solution.html.
  14. Hoffman, Adam. “Microdosing with Cannabis: Benefits without the Buzz.” Healer. Leafly, May 27, 2022. https://healer.com/blog/microdosing-cannabis-benefits-without-buzz-healer/.